Reports
We publish a number of reports in a wide range of trade related issues. The reports can be downloaded free of charge.
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The use of industrial subsidies by major economies
Published: 2020
A great number of industrial subsidies are currently used by the EU, China and the US. This is despite the fact that many types of subsidies are economically harmful and could disrupt global trade. The National Board of Trade Sweden has studied the current use of industrial subsidies by major economies and how it is...
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Border Carbon Adjustments
Published: 2020
Imported products will face the same cost for greenhouse gas-emissions as products produced within the EU. That is the basic idea of a proposal that the European Commission is considering. The National Board of Trade has analysed how the EU could implement such a system and what it would mean for trade and for...
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Rules of Origin for the 21st Century
Published: 2020
Can the rules of origin keep up with the changing conditions in production and trade? In this report, we discuss different ways to update the rules of origin in connection with increased servicification, digitalisation, sustainable development and utilisation of preferences.
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Made in EU– How country of origin labelling affects the internal market
Published: 2020
More and more EU Member States adopt country-of-origin labelling (COOL) for food products. The Swedish National Board of Trade has analysed how such labelling affects the Internal Market.
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Trade and Gender Equality – the role of trade policy
Published: 2020
International trade is not gender neutral. Due to differences in representation in the economy as well as due to various social inequalities, women and men are affected differently by international trade and trade policy. This report describes some of these differences for men and women as employees, entrepreneurs and...
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Who Uses the EU’s Free Trade Agreements?
Published: 2019
The EU is currently negotiating and signing free trade agreements at an increasing pace. There is, however, a lack of knowledge on the behaviour of companies and their use of free trade agreements. This generates many assumptions and allegations that keep proliferating in the literature and in political discourses.
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The trade effects of EU regional trade agreements
Published: 2019
This report analyses the effects of EU regional trade agreements on trade in goods.
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published: 2019
In this report, the National Board of Trade describes the evolution of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). We identify new production trends and discuss how they will affect international trade.
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Reforming compliance management in the Single Market
Published: 2019
The correct application of EU rules is paramount for the functioning of the Single Market. Yet, as discussed in our earlier report In quest of compliance, the EU Member States do not fully comply with the Single market’s rules and principles.
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Investment screening in four Nordic countries
Published: 2019
This is a paper about investment screening mechanisms in four Nordic countries. The paper served as basis for a discussion on the topic of 'European origins – the EU Member States' Rules on Screening Foreign Investment' at the research conference 'A Common European Law on Investment Screening' in Gothenburg on 7–8...
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Sweden in the EU – a summary
Published: 2019
The report aims to illustrate how the Swedish economy has developed during the last decades, with a certain focus on the development after becoming member of the EU and part of the internal market.
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Free Trade Agreements and Countries Outside
Published: 2018
The number of Free-Trade Agreements (FTAs) continues to grow and increasingly set the rules for world trade. The effects of these agreements go beyond the contracting parties and also extend to third countries. This has often been seen as negative because trade diversion, caused by tariff preferences, distorts trade...
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The UK policy paper on the future relationship with the EU
Published: 2018
In July 2018, the UK government published a policy paper with proposals for what the future relationship between the UK and the EU should look like. The policy paper should be seen as the UK’s opening bid for negotiations on the future relationship.
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Brexit and financial services – a summary
Published: 2018
Brexit will affect Swedish financial services suppliers. Potentially, the up-coming negotiations on the future relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom (UK) can soften any potential negative impact. The aim of this report is to identify the trade model that best minimizes these negative effects.
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Economic integration works
Published: 2018
This report shows that regional trade agreements stimulate trade effectively. Customs unions and other deep integration agreements have the strongest trade effects.
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The Cyber Effect
Published: 2018
This report describes the function of IT security and defines by which means IT security in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products can be regulated. It also highlights in which manner the regulation of IT security has a bearing on international trade and market access.
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After Brexit – recommendations for Swedish priorities in upcoming negotiations
Published: 2018
The purpose of this analysis is to identify what is most important for Sweden in a future EU-UK agreement, in order to mitigate the negative effects of Brexit. The key sectors proposed as Swedish priorities will need to be particularly important for Sweden's trade with the UK and sectors in which Brexit might lead to...
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The Use of the EU’s Free Trade Agreements
Published: 2018
This report gives an analysis of the use of tariff preferences in free trade agreements from both parties and from both an exporter and importer perspective.
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Possible tools for strengthened implementation of sustainable development provisions in FTA´s
Published: 2017
This analysis proposes a range of practical and easily applicable mechanisms which can be included in EU FTAs with an aim of strengthening the implementation of sustainability provisions, and responding to some of the criticism expressed in the course of the TSD implementation debate.
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Europe fettered - the impact of crisis-era trade distortions
Published: 2017
Has Swedish exports of goods been held back due to trade barriers introduced since the financial crisis? According to this report, the answer is yes in relation to China but no in relation to the United States and Japan. Trade within the EU does not seem to have been affected much by trade barriers or trade...